Multi-Brand Strategy: Definition, Examples, Advantages and Disadvantages

What do L’Oreal, P&G (Procter & Gamble), Unilever, and Facebook have in common? They are multi-brand companies that have several brands in their portfolio. The distinct brands in each group may compete, but the large corporations still get a large piece of the pie. By taking on a multi-brand strategy, companies can fill multiple market positions to reach consumers’ needs.

What You’ll Learn:

• What Is a Multi-Brand Strategy?
• How Do I Know Which Brand Strategy to Choose?
• Examples of Multi-Brand Companies
• Multi-Brand Strategy Advantages
• Multi-Brand Strategy Disadvantages
• The Growth-Share Matrix (BCG Matrix)
  
• Does a Multi-Brand Strategy Make Sense for You?
  

What Is a Multi-Brand Strategy?

A company has a multi-brand strategy when its portfolio of products has distinct brands or names. For example, Nestle has a multi-brand strategy with over 2000 brands including KitKat and Nespresso.

A company may want to take on a multi-brand strategy to reach a different audience or create a luxury line to appeal to a consumer willing to pay more for a product.

How Do I Know Which Brand Strategy to Choose?

Imagine you are starting a face cream brand and have two products in development. One is made of the most exclusive and expensive ingredients, and one is affordable. These two face creams would have quite different audiences, right? It is not likely that the same target customer will be interested in both products.

Now you may be thinking ‘okay, but why would I want to have these two creams under different names and brand identities? Isn’t it double the work to run two brands?’. You can keep the two products under one brand and call the fancier product a premium version, or you can separate the two so the customer does not make comparisons between the two products.

The downfall of having two distinct products under one umbrella brand is the resulting difficulty in brand management and appeal to the customer. Luxury, eco-friendly, vegan, and all-natural products are marketed differently. If you have products with different benefits and audiences bunched together, you might be evoking cognitive dissonance.

Let us take the Volkswagen Group as an example. They own the Volkswagen brand and the Porsche brand. If they rebranded Porsche as a posh Volkswagen, sales would most likely plummet. The Porsche customers do not see themselves as Volkswagen drivers.

Examples of Multi-Brand Companies

Let us have a look at some brands that have opted for a multi-brand strategy, and why they chose to do it.

L’Oreal

“Because we understand that beauty expectations and needs vary, we have built the richest portfolio of diverse and complementary brands. We want to be able to offer all around the world a perfect choice of brands for all types of consumer needs and desires and for all beauty dreams.”

Brands include: Garnier, Maybelline New York, NYX Professional Makeup, 3CE Stylenanda, Essie, Dark and Lovely, Mixa, MG, Niely, Kiehl’s Since 1851, La Roche-Posay, and more. Read the full list here.

Procter & Gamble (P&G)

“P&G products have made a name for themselves by combining “what is needed” with “what is possible” – making laundry rooms, living rooms, bedrooms, kitchens, nurseries, and bathrooms a little more enjoyable for over 181 years.”

Brands include: Pampers, Gain, Tide, Pantene, Always, Crest, Braun, and more.

Unilever

“We make some of the best-known brands in the world, and those brands are used by 2.5 billion people every day”.

Brands include: Breyers, Dove, Lipton, Magnum, Ben & Jerry’s, and more.

Meta

“We’re building new ways to help you explore your interests and connect with the people you care about.”

Brands include: The Metaverse, Facebook, Messenger, Instagram, WhatsApp, Meta Quest, Workspace, and the Meta Portal.

Let us talk about some of the benefits and downsides of having a multi-brand strategy.

Multi-Brand Strategy Advantages

Potential to Position Your Brand as a Market Leader

When you build brand awareness, you are more likely to create a loyal following for your brand. A customer may recognize the parent company and trust that they are making a smart decision even though they have never tried a product before. They associate the brand with value and become more inclined to buy other products the company makes.

More Shelf Space

Even though the branding for each product may be completely different and appeal to different consumers, you can create a leg-up on the competition. For example, if you have eight types of shampoo on the shelf, there is less room for competing products. Consumers may not even realize that your company makes all the products because the marketing is unique for each one.

Cater to Customers Who Like to Switch Brands

Even though a customer is happy with a product, it is common for some people to brand hop to see if they like something else better. Companies with a multi-brand strategy can appeal to these types of consumers without leaving the brand.

Brand Reputation

If you are not tracking your brand’s reputation and a crisis occurs, the other brands in your portfolio may not be affected. With a multi-brand strategy, each brand has its own identity and personality and typically appeals to a different audience. In some cases, consumers may not know which brands are part of the same family.

Multi-Brand Strategy Disadvantages

Keeping Brands Distinctly Separate

It can be difficult to keep all brands separate and have a strong identity for each one. If consumers view your brands as interchangeable, you are competing with yourself instead of attracting different consumer groups. Brands need to put more effort into creating and advocating for brand guidelines internally, since a weak brand identity can cause friction within the company.

Loss of Credibility

If consumers see a brand and decide they do not want to purchase products from them anymore, this will negatively impact sales.

Substandard Products

Another disadvantage of a multi-brand strategy is that people may be tougher on newer products because they expect a certain level of quality when they are making a purchase. If a new product does not live up to those same standards, people may be quick to dismiss the product and leave negative reviews.

Spreading Resources Thin

Companies that sell various products should focus on building a strong brand personality for each brand. If the people are not connected with the brands, they will be less likely to purchase them. If this is the case, a company should go back to the drawing board and focus on what is working and what is not instead of trying to release more new products.

One Product Significantly Outperforming the Rest

One of the disadvantages of having multiple brands is that one product may be more profitable than the others. Companies should evaluate if it is worth investing more time and marketing efforts in the lower performing products.

Brand Overlap

If customers decide they are confused about a brand and want to try various products, they could leave the brand umbrella. Too many options may not necessarily be the best thing for some consumers.

The Growth-Share Matrix (BCG Matrix)

The purpose of a multi-brand strategy is to restrict competition, diversify revenue streams, and increase market share. One way to assess if this strategy would benefit your company is to plot various products or brands on a Growth-Share, or BCG, matrix. The Y axis is market growth rate, X represents relative market share. These two axes divide the field into four boxes.

Here Are Brief Introductions to Each of the Four Categories:

• Cash cows are brands with high market share in a slow-growing industry. These brands typically generate cash more than the amount of cash needed to maintain the business. They are regarded as staid and boring, in a “mature” market, yet corporations value owning them due to their cash-generating qualities. They are to be “milked” continuously with as little investment as possible since such investment would be wasted in an industry with low growth. An example of such a company would be a top brand in a stable industry such as banking or oil.
• Dogs are brands with low market share in a mature, slow-growing industry. These brands or products typically “break even”, generating barely enough revenue to maintain the business’s market share. Owning a break-even unit provides the social benefit of providing jobs and synergies that assist other business units. They also provide stability.
• Question marks are brands operating with a low market share in a high-growth market. They are a starting point for most businesses. Question marks have the potential to gain market share and become stars, and eventually cash cows when market growth slows. This could be any new company in tech/AI/IoT for example.
• Stars are units with a high market share in a fast-growing industry. They are usually question marks all grown up with a market- or niche-leading trajectory. An example of such a brand is Amazon.

Bringing It All Together

Now, how does a plot like this translate to a multi-brand company? It has to do with long-term business success and diversification. As BCG stated in 1970:

Only a diversified company with a balanced portfolio can use its strengths to truly capitalize on its growth opportunities. The balanced portfolio has:

• Stars whose high share and high growth assure the future.
• Cash cows that supply funds for that future growth.
• Question marks to be converted into stars with the added funds.

As your company plans, it is vital to think about new business opportunities, mergers, and setting up several new brands, if you are looking to thrive and grow. If you currently have an established product under one brand name, that is great. But keep in mind that times change, and markets come and go. To stay in the race, the multi-brand approach might be worth investing in.

Does a Multi-Brand Strategy Make Sense for You?

The examples we mentioned are all massive corporations with resources to develop new brands. If you are launching your business, focus on developing a strong brand identity first. Your next step should be to build trust with your audience, and then create more brands. If you fail to develop strong brand awareness, all your products could fail. To achieve long-term success for your business, it is essential to focus on your why.

Every Strong Brand Needs to Know:

• Why are you in business?
• Who is your target audience?
• How are you going to solve your customers’ problems?
• What makes your brand stand out from the competition?

Weigh your options before you decide to take on a multi-brand strategy.

If you already have a brand that people know and trust, there is excellent potential to expand with new products that will appeal to your customers. Focus on creating a strong brand, and you will know when it is time to move forward.

Recommended readings:

Luxury Brand Strategy: How to Create Exclusivity for High-End Products

Brand Strategy: 4 Steps to Start Developing a Successful One

Brand Strategy: Why You Should Aim for a Purpose-Driven One

How to Build Brand Trust Through Social Media

Employer Branding: What Do Great Brands Do Differently?

Is Brand Consistency Important?

Are you interested in tools that will help you address current multi-brand strategy challenges and provide you with the support needed for future ones? Lytho helps you streamline your entire workflow and harmonize all brand collateral under a single, uniform platform. Feel free to reach out to us by scheduling a demo and learning how our creative solutions can boost the effectiveness of your creative projects. We look forward to speaking with you!